National Climate Change Impact Survey 2016
Nepal, 2016
Central Bureau of Statistics
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Last modified January 19, 2022
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Identification
Survey ID Number
NPL-CBS-NCCIS-2016-v01
Title
National Climate Change Impact Survey 2016
Translated Title
Jalabayu Paribartan Prabhab Sarbekchhen 2073
Country
| Name | Country code |
|---|---|
| Nepal | NPL |
Study type
Other Household Survey [hh/oth]
Abstract
The CBS, for the first time, conducted NCCIS whose specific aim is to understand impacts and effects of climate change on social, economic and environmental dynamics at national level. The survey is a milestone towards addressing data gaps, strengthening information on climate change and making it available for use of information for regular plan and programme development.
The data includes broad topics such as demography, household income, level of education, knowledge and perception about climate change, climate induced disasters and socioeconomic impacts, natural resources and bio-diversity (changes in the floristic behavior, water resources, invasion species, etc.), climate change and health (animals and humans), and adaptation practices (farm and off-farm) adopted by households to cope with adverse situation created due to changing climate.
The major objectives of the NCCIS include:
1. Understanding and acquiring knowledge on effects and impact of climate change from socioeconomic and environmental perspective
2. Exploring how the respondents are developing or making adoptive capacity to confront the impact of climate change and
3. Establishing linkage of climate change and environment related indicators with the SDG (Goal 13) for taking urgent action to combat climate change and its impact.
The data includes broad topics such as demography, household income, level of education, knowledge and perception about climate change, climate induced disasters and socioeconomic impacts, natural resources and bio-diversity (changes in the floristic behavior, water resources, invasion species, etc.), climate change and health (animals and humans), and adaptation practices (farm and off-farm) adopted by households to cope with adverse situation created due to changing climate.
The major objectives of the NCCIS include:
1. Understanding and acquiring knowledge on effects and impact of climate change from socioeconomic and environmental perspective
2. Exploring how the respondents are developing or making adoptive capacity to confront the impact of climate change and
3. Establishing linkage of climate change and environment related indicators with the SDG (Goal 13) for taking urgent action to combat climate change and its impact.
Kind of Data
Sample survey data [ssd]
Unit of Analysis
Indivisuals, Households
Version
Version Description
v1: Final data for internal use
Version Date
2017-06-21
Scope
Notes
The survey provides data and knowledge on impact and effect of climate change considering multiple dimensions. The survey covers broad topics such as demography, household income, level of education, knowledge and perception about climate change, climate induced disasters and impacts (socioeconomic), natural resources and biodiversity (changes in the floristic behavior, water resources, invasion species, etc.), climate change and health (animals and humans), and adaptation practices (farm and off-farm) adopted by households to cope with adverse situation created due to changing climate.
Topics
| Topic | Vocabulary |
|---|---|
| Environment | World Bank |
| Biodiversity | World Bank |
| Climate Change | World Bank |
Keywords
| Keyword |
|---|
| Climate change |
| Environment |
| Biodiversity |
Coverage
Geographic Coverage
National, urban and rural, Kathmandu valley, 15 ecological belts.
Universe
Those households which had the respondent aged 45 or more and residing in that locality since 25 years are only considered eligible. The household members were determined on the basis of usual location of their residence.
Producers and sponsors
Primary investigators
| Name | Affiliation |
|---|---|
| Central Bureau of Statistics | Planninig Commission Secretariat, Government of Nepal |
Producers
| Name |
|---|
| Action on Climate Today |
Funding Agency/Sponsor
| Name | Abbreviation |
|---|---|
| Government of Nepal | GoN |
Sampling
Sampling Procedure
Sample Size and Allocation
Total sample size of this survey was 5,060 households.In order to ensure suitable level of accuracy for each domain of interest, smaller domains (with respect to the number of households) received a higher sample fraction than larger domains. This was achieved by allocating 5,000 samples proportional to the square root of the population of each domain. Rounding of the sample was then applied to enable workloads of 20 households per selected PSU (see the following sample selection table 3-1), which was then modified further so that domains which had more than one village selected, had an equal number of PSU selected from each to ensure equal probability of selection of households within each domain.
Sample Selection
The sample selection strategy adopted for the NCCIS was done in three stages:
Stage 1: Selection of Districts
Stage 2: Selection of PSU
Stage 3: Selection of Households
The process was applied for each of 16 domains separately which were treated as a stratum. Independent samples in each stratum were selected.
Stage 1: Selection of Districts
Sample of the districts was selected from each of the 16 stratum/domains of interest. The number of districts selected from each domain was dependent on the number of districts in each domain. The number of selections was as follows: domains with 2 to 4 districts (1 selection), domains with 5 to 7 districts (2 selections), domains with 8 to 10 districts (3 selections) and domains with 11 plus districts (4 selections). This resulted in 26 districts in total selected for the survey. The sample selection procedure adopted for the first stage was Probability Proportional to Size(PPS) sampling, where the size measure adopted for each was the number of expected households in that district. This resulted in districts with larger numbers of households having more chance of being selected in the survey, which was offset by a smaller sampling fraction being applied later in the process for these larger districts.
Stage 2: Selection of PSU
Once districts with the 16 domains were selected, a sample of PSUs was chosen to represent each district. The number of PSUs selected from each district was determined by dividing the number of households to be selected in each domain by 20 (which was the cluster size - see next step for more detail), divided by the number of districts selected in that domain. For example, the central hill domain had the following situation:
Central Hill
Total number of households in population = 6,88,253
Total number of households in sample = 480
Number of districts selected in sample = 3
Number of wards to be selected from each
district = 480 / 20 * 3 = 8
The sample selection procedure adopted for this stage was once again PPS sampling, with the size measure being the number of households within each PSU. In total, 253 PSUs were selected as sample across Nepal from 26 districts.
Stage 3: Selection of Households
Before selection of households, a household listing was produced from each selected PSU. Listing was based on the eligibility of households i.e. potential respondent was 45 years or older and residing in the community for at least 25 years. Large PSUs were sub-divided into more manageable size and one of
these sub-divided PSU was selected to represent the whole PSU using PPS sampling. As a rule of thumb, PSUs with more than 500 households were sub-divided into smaller units. Likewise, the interval was run through the list in a systematic manner to select 20 households from each, which represents an enumerator workload for that area. The skip for each area was simply the number of households in that area divided by 20. A random start between one and the interval was also generated to determine the starting point of the selection process in each area.
Total sample size of this survey was 5,060 households.In order to ensure suitable level of accuracy for each domain of interest, smaller domains (with respect to the number of households) received a higher sample fraction than larger domains. This was achieved by allocating 5,000 samples proportional to the square root of the population of each domain. Rounding of the sample was then applied to enable workloads of 20 households per selected PSU (see the following sample selection table 3-1), which was then modified further so that domains which had more than one village selected, had an equal number of PSU selected from each to ensure equal probability of selection of households within each domain.
Sample Selection
The sample selection strategy adopted for the NCCIS was done in three stages:
Stage 1: Selection of Districts
Stage 2: Selection of PSU
Stage 3: Selection of Households
The process was applied for each of 16 domains separately which were treated as a stratum. Independent samples in each stratum were selected.
Stage 1: Selection of Districts
Sample of the districts was selected from each of the 16 stratum/domains of interest. The number of districts selected from each domain was dependent on the number of districts in each domain. The number of selections was as follows: domains with 2 to 4 districts (1 selection), domains with 5 to 7 districts (2 selections), domains with 8 to 10 districts (3 selections) and domains with 11 plus districts (4 selections). This resulted in 26 districts in total selected for the survey. The sample selection procedure adopted for the first stage was Probability Proportional to Size(PPS) sampling, where the size measure adopted for each was the number of expected households in that district. This resulted in districts with larger numbers of households having more chance of being selected in the survey, which was offset by a smaller sampling fraction being applied later in the process for these larger districts.
Stage 2: Selection of PSU
Once districts with the 16 domains were selected, a sample of PSUs was chosen to represent each district. The number of PSUs selected from each district was determined by dividing the number of households to be selected in each domain by 20 (which was the cluster size - see next step for more detail), divided by the number of districts selected in that domain. For example, the central hill domain had the following situation:
Central Hill
Total number of households in population = 6,88,253
Total number of households in sample = 480
Number of districts selected in sample = 3
Number of wards to be selected from each
district = 480 / 20 * 3 = 8
The sample selection procedure adopted for this stage was once again PPS sampling, with the size measure being the number of households within each PSU. In total, 253 PSUs were selected as sample across Nepal from 26 districts.
Stage 3: Selection of Households
Before selection of households, a household listing was produced from each selected PSU. Listing was based on the eligibility of households i.e. potential respondent was 45 years or older and residing in the community for at least 25 years. Large PSUs were sub-divided into more manageable size and one of
these sub-divided PSU was selected to represent the whole PSU using PPS sampling. As a rule of thumb, PSUs with more than 500 households were sub-divided into smaller units. Likewise, the interval was run through the list in a systematic manner to select 20 households from each, which represents an enumerator workload for that area. The skip for each area was simply the number of households in that area divided by 20. A random start between one and the interval was also generated to determine the starting point of the selection process in each area.
Response Rate
100 percent
Weighting
Weights
As addressed in the above coverage section, not all households of Nepal were considered in scope of the survey. The survey was administered to only those households which had an occupant that met both the following two criteria:
a) Was 45 years of age or older
b) Had lived in the area for 25 years or more
As such, the population of interest for the survey is only those households which met these criteria, and as such, weights were generated to reflect this population only. Similarly, the computational procedure was adopted for calculating the household weights.
For detail, see page 10-11 of the statistical report.
As addressed in the above coverage section, not all households of Nepal were considered in scope of the survey. The survey was administered to only those households which had an occupant that met both the following two criteria:
a) Was 45 years of age or older
b) Had lived in the area for 25 years or more
As such, the population of interest for the survey is only those households which met these criteria, and as such, weights were generated to reflect this population only. Similarly, the computational procedure was adopted for calculating the household weights.
For detail, see page 10-11 of the statistical report.
Data Collection
Dates of Data Collection
| Start | End |
|---|---|
| 2016-07 | 2016-12 |
Time periods
| Start date | End date |
|---|---|
| 2016-07-01 | 2016-12-30 |
Data Collection Mode
Computer Assisted Personal Interview [capi]
Supervision
Supervision
During the survey period, the field work was constantly supervised and monitored by the core team members. Supervision was done at two levels. The CBS had the central supervision team. A list of instructions was prepared for the central supervision. Similarly, the chief of the SOs was also the upervisor at field. A supervision form was eveloped for field supervision. numeration areas were assigned to the numerators in three phases. After completing first hase, a three day mid-term review was conducted or reflection and quality control in next phases of he survey.
During the survey period, the field work was constantly supervised and monitored by the core team members. Supervision was done at two levels. The CBS had the central supervision team. A list of instructions was prepared for the central supervision. Similarly, the chief of the SOs was also the upervisor at field. A supervision form was eveloped for field supervision. numeration areas were assigned to the numerators in three phases. After completing first hase, a three day mid-term review was conducted or reflection and quality control in next phases of he survey.
Data Collection Notes
Pilot Survey
A set of questionnaire was developed and the pilot survey was conducted in five districts. The criteria for selection of the district for pilot survey were as follows:
1. One district from each of the five development region
2. Survey area from the ecological zone (Mountain, Hill and Terai)
3. Districts were identified referring to district vulnerability mapping in NAPA.
The pilot survey was carried out in five districts (Kathmandu, Saptari, Mustang, Dailekh and Kailali) utilising above criteria. The following procedures were used for the pilot survey:
-Purposive selection of 10 VDCs/Municipalities from each district;
- Five households were surveyed from each VDC/ municipalities
-A total of 250 households were surveyed;
- In addition, two representatives from organisations (government or non-government) working in the environment sector were also surveyed.
The data obtained from pilot survey was analysed and survey report was developed for the internal purpose. The feedback of the pilot survey was incorporated in full scale survey.
Data Collection
The data collection was primarily based on recall method. The respondents provided information related to change in temperature, precipitation, and seasonal shift in the last 25 years and that on the impact of climate induced disasters in last 5 years. The data collection was undertaken between July and December of 2016. There were 15 field teams/groups, each with two enumerators from the SOs.
A set of questionnaire was developed and the pilot survey was conducted in five districts. The criteria for selection of the district for pilot survey were as follows:
1. One district from each of the five development region
2. Survey area from the ecological zone (Mountain, Hill and Terai)
3. Districts were identified referring to district vulnerability mapping in NAPA.
The pilot survey was carried out in five districts (Kathmandu, Saptari, Mustang, Dailekh and Kailali) utilising above criteria. The following procedures were used for the pilot survey:
-Purposive selection of 10 VDCs/Municipalities from each district;
- Five households were surveyed from each VDC/ municipalities
-A total of 250 households were surveyed;
- In addition, two representatives from organisations (government or non-government) working in the environment sector were also surveyed.
The data obtained from pilot survey was analysed and survey report was developed for the internal purpose. The feedback of the pilot survey was incorporated in full scale survey.
Data Collection
The data collection was primarily based on recall method. The respondents provided information related to change in temperature, precipitation, and seasonal shift in the last 25 years and that on the impact of climate induced disasters in last 5 years. The data collection was undertaken between July and December of 2016. There were 15 field teams/groups, each with two enumerators from the SOs.
Data Collectors
| Name | Abbreviation | Affiliation |
|---|---|---|
| Statistics Offices | SOs | Central Bureau of Statistics |
Questionnaires
Questionnaires
A household questionnare was used to collect data in this survey.There are eight thematic areas on the questionnaire. A series of workshops and meetings were conducted to finalise the respective thematic questionnaire.They are :
1.Water Resources and Energy
2.Health
3.Forest
4.Agriculture
5.Disaster
6.Tourism
7.Gender
8.Urban
1.Water Resources and Energy
2.Health
3.Forest
4.Agriculture
5.Disaster
6.Tourism
7.Gender
8.Urban
Data Processing
Data Editing
Data Management
Data collection was carried out using tablets so there was no extra time needed for data entry. The data entry program was pre-designed for controlling and avoiding errors of the data collection. The process of real time entry of data in the field reduced time lag between data collection and processing. After completion of the survey from each PSU, the data was synced to national server. The synced data was then transformed into Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) and Stata database for further editing and analysis. The appropriate coding was also assigned to the qualitative data generated during the survey.
Data collection was carried out using tablets so there was no extra time needed for data entry. The data entry program was pre-designed for controlling and avoiding errors of the data collection. The process of real time entry of data in the field reduced time lag between data collection and processing. After completion of the survey from each PSU, the data was synced to national server. The synced data was then transformed into Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) and Stata database for further editing and analysis. The appropriate coding was also assigned to the qualitative data generated during the survey.
Other Processing
The final data set was used to estimate percentage and frequency tables for each of analytical domains.
Access policy
Access authority
| Name | Affiliation | URL | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Director General | Central Bureau of Statistics | dg@cbs.gov.np | www.cbs.gov.np |
Contacts
| Name | Affiliation | URL | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Director of Publication, Dissemination and Library Section | Central Bureau of Statistics | archive@cbs.gov.np | www.cbs.gov.np |
Confidentiality
Confidentiality of the respondents is guaranteed by article 8 of Statistics Act 1958.
Restriction on publication of information and details
Any information or details relating to any person, family, firm or company, which have been supplied, obtained or prepared pursuant to Section 3 or Section 4 or Section 5 or Section 6 or Section 7 or any part of such information or details, shall not be disclosed or published directly except to the Director General or to any other officer of the Bureau without the written permission of the person or of his or her authorized representative supplying such information or details.
Access conditions
The dataset has been anonymized and is available for internal use only.
Citation requirements
Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), Nepal. National Climate Change Impact Survey 2016. Data and information are downloaded from National Data Archive (NADA): http://cbs.gov.np/nada/index.php/catalog on [date].
Disclaimer and copyrights
Disclaimer
The Central Bureau of Statistics, Nepal bears no responsibility for any outcomes or for interpretations or inferences arising from the use of the data, or use of the information provided on the study.
Copyright
(c) 2016, Central Bureau of Statistics, Government of Nepal
Metadata production
DDI Document ID
DDI-NPL-CBS-NCCIS-2016-v01
Producers
| Name | Abbreviation | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|---|
| Central Bureau of Statistics | CBS | National Planninig Commission Secretariat, Government of Nepal | Doccumantation of the study |
Date of Metadata Production
2017-07-09
DDI Document version
Verson 01 (July 2017): Original documentation of the study