{"doc_desc":{"title":"NPL_NSO_NCCS_2022","idno":"DDI-NPL-NSO-NCCS-2022-v01","producers":[{"name":"National Statistics Office","abbreviation":"NSO","affiliation":"Office of Priminister and Minister of Council (OPMC)","role":"Documentation of the Study"}],"prod_date":"2024-04-18","version_statement":{"version":"Version 01 (June 2026): Original documentation of the survey"}},"study_desc":{"title_statement":{"idno":"NPL-NSO-NCCS-2022-v01","title":"National Climate Change Survey 2022","alt_title":"NCCS 2022","translated_title":"Jalawayu Pariwartan Sarvekshan 2022"},"authoring_entity":[{"name":"National Statistics Office (NSO)","affiliation":"OPMCM"}],"production_statement":{"copyright":"(c) 2025, National Statistics Office [NSO], Nepal","funding_agencies":[{"name":"Government of Nepal","abbreviation":"GoN","role":""}]},"distribution_statement":{"contact":[{"name":"Director of Publication, Dissemination and Library Sectio","affiliation":"National Statistics Office (NSO)","email":"info@nsonepal. gov.np","uri":"www.nsonepal.gov.np"}]},"series_statement":{"series_name":"Integrated Survey (non-LSMS) [hh\/is]","series_info":"Second Round"},"version_statement":{"version":"v01: Final data for National Climate Change Survey 2022","version_date":"2024-04-18"},"study_info":{"keywords":[{"keyword":"Climate","vocab":"","uri":""},{"keyword":"Household","vocab":"","uri":""},{"keyword":"Season","vocab":"","uri":""},{"keyword":"Rainfall","vocab":"","uri":""},{"keyword":"Natural disaster","vocab":"","uri":""}],"abstract":"The National Climate Change Survey 2022 (NCCS-II), conducted by Nepal's National Statistics Office, examines the multidimensional impacts of climate change on Nepali households across all seven provinces. Using face-to-face interviews with 6,508 households in 326 sampling units and applying the IPCC risk framework, the survey captures community perceptions, awareness, vulnerability, and adaptation responses across key sectors including agriculture, water resources, energy, health, biodiversity, and disaster management. Findings reveal that climate-induced hazards such as floods, landslides, droughts, and extreme temperatures are intensifying, causing significant damage to infrastructure, livelihoods, and food security. Agricultural challenges are widespread, with over half of households reporting new crop diseases and pests, while escalating vector-borne and waterborne illnesses pose growing public health concerns. Water availability has declined notably, particularly in Terai and hilly regions, and biodiversity loss from invasive species is increasingly reported. In response, many households have adopted adaptation strategies including diversified cropping, use of improved seeds, and off-farm employment, though uptake of formal measures like insurance and water conservation remains limited. The survey underscores the urgent need for region-specific, evidence-based policies to strengthen community resilience against the escalating risks of climate change in Nepal.","time_periods":[{"start":"2022-07-17","end":"2023-07-16","cycle":""}],"coll_dates":[{"start":"2023-02-03","end":"2023-07-30","cycle":""}],"nation":[{"name":"Nepal","abbreviation":"NPL"}],"geog_coverage":"Field work of this survey covered 29 districts out of 77 districts of Nepal.","analysis_unit":"National and Province","universe":"The population of interest for the NCCS II is the entire population, which has been included in the sample frame. The information regarding the population was taken from the latest population census 2021, which by the time sampling took place was in the final stages of being completed.The sampling was done using the total number of households from the population census excluding households registered in institutions. In total 66,66,937 individual households were included in the frame.  \nThe NCCS II is a unique study that necessitates gathering data spanning an extended period. As a result, not all households across the country were deemed eligible for inclusion in the survey. Only households meeting the criteria of having a respondent aged 45 or older and residing in the same locality for at least 25 years were considered eligible. The determination of household membership was based on individuals\u2019 usual place of residence. The survey conducted enumeration on a total of 6,520 sample households across 326 primary sampling units (PSUs) spanning over all seven provinces (Figure 2.2).","data_kind":"Sample survey data [ssd]","notes":"The survey was conducted in 29 selected districts across Nepal. A total of 326 Enumeration Areas (EAs) were scientifically selected from these districts using statistical sampling methods. In the first stage, a household listing was carried out in each selected Enumeration Area. In the second stage, 20 households were selected from each household listing using statistical sampling techniques. As a result, information was collected from 6,520 households across the country."},"method":{"data_collection":{"data_collectors":[{"name":"National Statistics Office","abbreviation":"NSO","affiliation":"Office of the Prime Minister and Council of Ministers (OPMCM)"}],"sampling_procedure":"Many factors impact the sample size required for a survey, including the size of the population of  interest, the number of sub-populations results required, the accuracy, and the sample selection procedures adopted. Cost constraints also become a major factor for many surveys however, and it was anticipated that sufficient funds were available for an estimated 6,520 households across Nepal. This resulted in a similar proportion of households being sampled compared to earlier study.\nTo ensure suitable levels of accuracy for each domain of interest, the smaller domains (with respect to the number of households) received a higher sample fraction than the larger domains. This was achieved by allocating the 6,520 samples proportional to the square root of the population (non-response was less than 0.5%). Twenty households were selected per primary sampling units (PSUs) in the survey.\nSample Selection\nThe sample selection strategy adopted for the NCCS II was done in three stages:\nStage 1: Selection of Districts\nStage 2: Selection of PSUs\nStage 3: Selection of Households\nThe process was applied for each of the 17 domains independently.","sampling_deviation":"No deviation","coll_mode":"Computer Assisted Personal Interview [capi]","research_instrument":"The questionnaire for this survey was prepared in CSPro software. The enumerator us tablet to collect the data.\nThere are followingsections in the questionnaire;\nSection 1: Introductory information\nSection 2: Personal Information\nSection 3: Landholding information\nSection 4: Household access to social and economic services\nSection 5: Household income information (past 12 months)\nSection 6: Climate change related knowledge and perception\nSection 7: Impacts of climate-induced disasters\nSection 8: Diseases and Health impacts\nSection 9: Impact on water sources and energy\/renewable energy\nSection 10: Impact on biodiversity\nSection 11: Household's climate change adaptation activities","coll_situation":"Training program: The Master Training of Trainers (MTOT) took place in Kakani, Nuwakot, spanning from the 18th to the 22nd of the eighth month in the year 2079 BS. The primary objective was to facilitate discussions and consensus-building among the resource persons actively involved in delivering the training program. A total of 32 enumerators received training for the survey, including 20 students of the Central Department of Environmental Science, Tribhuvan University. The comprehensive 7-day training occurred in Dhulikhel, Kavrepalanchok districts, from the 10th to the 16th of the tenth month in 2079 BS, utilizing various training methods such as reflective exercises on the questionnaire and reference manual, classroom sessions, practical exercises, mock interviews, field visits, and discussion sessions.","act_min":"Data collection and supervision commenced after the training program, involving 15 field teams\/groups, consisting of enumerators from Statistics Offices and students from the Central Department of Environmental Science, Tribhuvan University. Throughout the survey period, fieldwork received continuous supervision and monitoring from core team members at two levels. The Environment Statistics Section of the NSO formed the central supervision team, while the chief of the Statistics Offices served as the field supervisor. A supervision form was developed for field supervision, and a set of instructions was prepared for central supervision.","weight":"Weighting Procedure for NCCS II\nBase Weights  \nThe sample design of this survey uses a three stages sampling design in a similar way as the first climate change impact survey. The selection is done in the following way: in the first stage districts are being selected, in the second stage EA (enumeration areas) are being selected and in the third stage households are being selected.  The probability of a household being selected is hence calculated by multiplying the probabilities of the three different stages such as: Pr(HH selection) = Pr (selection at stage 1) * Pr(EA selection at stage 2) *Pr(HH selection at stage 3). The base weight is then calculated as the inverse of this probability:\nBase weight= 1\/Pr (HH selection).  \nAdjustments\nTo account for the fact the population of interest is only those households which had a member aged 45 years and above, and lived in the area for at least 25 years, the base weights are adjusted with an adjustment factor. The adjustment factor is calculated at the EA level in the following way: estimated number of households in scope in each EA \/ total number of households in EA. This adjustment factor is then multiplied with the base weight, such as: \nBase weight x Adjustment factor.\nTo account for differences between the preliminary population data used in the sampling frame and the final population as well as other potential problems (such as large non-respondents), additional adjustment might be needed.","cleaning_operations":"Data Editing and Coding\nData collection was done in Tablet. Qualitative information was coded before analysis. \nData Processing and Analysis\nThe data processing work was done at NSO. After all data was captured from the server it was edited. The data analysis was done in SPSS and STATA software.","method_notes":"Data Validation\nThe data entry program was developed for controlling the data and to avoid the error of the data collection. Two days workshop for the data validation was conducted. The central core team and\nexperts of the climate chage were present during data validation workshop. The data manager developed the required table and it was throughly discussed. \nTabulation Plan\nThe tabulation plan was developed at the survey design phase. Tables were developed from each thematic area. The tables required for the report writing was finalized by the meeting conduted\nwith central core team, consultant and other thematic experts."}},"data_access":{"dataset_use":{"conf_dec":[{"txt":"Confidentiality of the respondents is guaranteed by article 10 of Statistics Act 2022.","required":"yes","form_no":"","uri":""}],"contact":[{"name":"Chief-Statistician, National Statistics Office (NSO)","affiliation":"Office of the Prime Ministers and Ministers of Council (OPMCM)","email":"info@nsonepal.gov.np","uri":"www.nsonepal.gov.np"}],"cit_req":"National Statistics Office (NSO), National Climate Change Survey 2022. Data and information is downloaded from Microdata Catalogue (NADA): https:\/\/microdata.nsonepal.gov.np\/index.php\/home\/","conditions":"The dataset has been anonymized and is available for public use","disclaimer":"The National Statistics Institute [NSO], Nepal bears no responsibility for any outcomes or for interpretations or inferences arising from the use of the data, or use of the information provided on the study."}}}}